ZBDBA@orcl11g>select * from zbdba;select * from zbdba *ERROR at line 1:ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 3, block # 1449)ORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf'
这里是事务正在运行。可是数据库直接以abort方式关机。而且相应的回滚段损坏
当然这里事实上不须要bbed，仅仅须要用_offline_rollback_segments 隐含參数标记相应的回滚段，然后使用drop rollback segment 该回滚段就可以
这里使用bbed目的是在于研究undo回滚段的状态存于何处以及怎样改动这里我们创建另外一个undo表空间。而且切换到该表空间
ZBDBA@orcl11g>create undo tablespace undotbs02 datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/undotb02.dbf' size 100m;Tablespace created.ZBDBA@orcl11g>alter system set undo_tablespace=undotbs02;System altered.ZBDBA@orcl11g>show parameter undoNAME TYPE VALUE------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------undo_management string AUTOundo_retention integer 900undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS02我们查看回滚段的状态。发现即使切换了，另一个回滚段处于online状态，由于这个回滚段上面还存在须要恢复的数据，可是这个回滚段已经被损坏，无法进行恢复。那么我们仅仅能将其删除。
ZBDBA@orcl11g>select segment_name,tablespace_name,status from dba_rollback_segs;SEGMENT_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS------------------------------ -------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------SYSTEM SYSTEM ONLINE_SYSSMU10_3550978943$ UNDOTBS1 ONLINE_SYSSMU9_1424341975$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU8_2012382730$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU7_3286610060$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU6_2443381498$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU5_1527469038$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU4_1152005954$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU3_2097677531$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU2_2232571081$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU1_3780397527$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU20_3705739785$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU19_3920348761$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU18_2539622763$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU17_178842559$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU16_3035903491$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU15_444141832$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU14_3021863913$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU13_3717211136$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU12_3182721254$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU11_3909920883$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE通过下面能够看到不同的数字相应不同的状态： undo segment 的状态： 1表示offline而且被删除 2 表示offline 3 表示online 4 未知 5 表示need recovery
SYS@orcl11g>select name,status$ from undo$;NAME STATUS$------------------------------------------------------------ ----------SYSTEM 3_SYSSMU1_3780397527$ 2_SYSSMU2_2232571081$ 2_SYSSMU3_2097677531$ 2_SYSSMU4_1152005954$ 2_SYSSMU5_1527469038$ 2_SYSSMU6_2443381498$ 2_SYSSMU7_3286610060$ 2_SYSSMU8_2012382730$ 2_SYSSMU9_1424341975$ 2_SYSSMU10_3550978943$ 3_SYSSMU11_3909920883$ 3_SYSSMU12_3182721254$ 3_SYSSMU13_3717211136$ 3_SYSSMU14_3021863913$ 3_SYSSMU15_444141832$ 3_SYSSMU16_3035903491$ 3_SYSSMU17_178842559$ 3_SYSSMU18_2539622763$ 3_SYSSMU19_3920348761$ 3_SYSSMU20_3705739785$ 3强制将该回滚段offline。发现还是无法删除：
SYS@orcl11g>alter rollback segment "_SYSSMU10_3550978943$" offline;Rollback segment altered.SYS@orcl11g>drop tablespace UNDOTBS1;drop tablespace UNDOTBS1*ERROR at line 1:ORA-30013: undo tablespace 'UNDOTBS1' is currently in use此时，我们关闭数据库使用bbed更改该回滚段的状态： 在数据库启动的时候，我们能够是oradebug 10046事件追踪。通过trace文件分析:
PARSING IN CURSOR #2 len=142 dep=1 uid=0 oct=3 lid=0 tim=1414654507002840 hv=361892850 ad='78938c58' sqlid='7bd391hat42zk'select /*+ rule */ name,file#,block#,status$,user#,undosqn,xactsqn,scnbas,scnwrp,DECODE(inst#,0,NULL,inst#),ts#,spare1 from undo$ where us#=:1END OF STMTPARSE #2:c=0,e=17,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=1,og=3,plh=906473769,tim=1414654507002839BINDS #2:Bind#0 oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 oacflg=08 fl2=0001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0 kxsbbbfp=7fcf70adc448 bln=22 avl=02 flg=05 value=7undo段的状态是从undo$基表中获取的。那么我们看看这里的基表相应的物理块号
SYS@orcl11g>select rowid,dbms_rowid.rowid_object(rowid) robject, 2 dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) fno, 3 dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) bno, 4 dbms_rowid.rowid_row_number(rowid) rno from undo$ where rownum=1;ROWID ROBJECT FNO BNO RNO------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------AAAAAPAABAAAADhAAA 15 1 225 0然后我们使用bbed查看该数据块：
BBED> mapFile: /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf (1)Block: 225 Dba:0x004000e1------------------------------------------------------------KTB Data Block (Table/Cluster)struct kcbh, 20 bytes @0 struct ktbbh, 48 bytes @20 struct kdbh, 14 bytes @68 struct kdbt[1], 4 bytes @82 sb2 kdbr[21] @86 ub1 freespace[3752] @128 ub1 rowdata[4308] @3880 ub4 tailchk @8188这里能够看出与视图相应的21个回滚段：
BBED> p kdbrsb2 kdbr[0] @86 8078sb2 kdbr[1] @88 4071sb2 kdbr[2] @90 5156sb2 kdbr[3] @92 5088sb2 kdbr[4] @94 4206sb2 kdbr[5] @96 4952sb2 kdbr[6] @98 4341sb2 kdbr[7] @100 4816sb2 kdbr[8] @102 4748sb2 kdbr[9] @104 4680sb2 kdbr[10] @106 4611sb2 kdbr[11] @108 4008sb2 kdbr[12] @110 5880sb2 kdbr[13] @112 5817sb2 kdbr[14] @114 5751sb2 kdbr[15] @116 3943sb2 kdbr[16] @118 5622sb2 kdbr[17] @120 3878sb2 kdbr[18] @122 5490sb2 kdbr[19] @124 3812sb2 kdbr[20] @126 5360BBED> p *kdbr[10]rowdata[799]------------ub1 rowdata[799] @4679 0x2cBBED> x /1rnnnnnnnnrowdata[799] @4679 ------------flag@4679: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)lock@4680: 0x00cols@4681: 17col 0[2] @4682: 10col 1[21] @4685: -0col 2[2] @4707: 1col 3[2] @4710: 3col 4[3] @4713: 272col 5[5] @4717: 5168854col 6[1] @4723: 0col 7[3] @4725: 866col 8[3] @4729: 350col 9[1] @4733: 0col 10[2] @4735: 3col 11[2] @4738: 2col 12[0] @4741: *NULL*col 13[0] @4742: *NULL*col 14[0] @4743: *NULL*col 15[0] @4744: *NULL*col 16[2] @4745: 2在这里我们将回滚段的状态改动为2，表示offline
BBED> modify /x 02 offset 4737Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) yFile: /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf (1)Block: 225 Offsets: 4737 to 5248 Dba:0x004000e1------------------------------------------------------------------------0202c103 ffffffff 02c1032c 011102c1 0a145f53 5953534d 55395f31 3432343334313937 352402c1 0202c104 03c20339 05c40614 12210180 03c20b5e 03c2045e018002c1 0302c103 ffffffff 02c1032c 001102c1 09145f53 5953534d 55385f3230313233 38323733 302402c1 0202c104 03c20329 05c40614 11380180 03c20b4003c20334 018002c1 0302c103 ffffffff 02c1032c 001102c1 08145f53 5953534d55375f33 32383636 31303036 302402c1 0202c104 03c20319 05c40614 1135018003c20953 03c20418 018002c1 0302c103 ffffffff 02c1032c 001102c1 07145f535953534d 55365f32 34343333 38313439 382402c1 0202c104 03c20309 05c40220295a0180 03c20944 03c20261 018002c1 0402c103 ffffffff 02c1032c 001102c106145f53 5953534d 55355f31 35323734 36393033 382402c1 0202c104 03c2025d05c40614 11340180 03c20d4c 03c20512 018002c1 0302c103 ffffffff 02c1032c001102c1 05145f53 5953534d 55345f31 31353230 30353935 342402c1 0202c10403c2024d 05c4023e 14400180 03c2084c 03c20461 018002c1 0402c103 ffffffff02c1032c 001102c1 04145f53 5953534d 55335f32 30393736 37373533 312402c10202c104 03c2023d 05c40614 11360180 03c20b5d 03c2053a 018002c1 0302c103ffffffff 02c1032c 001102c1 03145f53 5953534d 55325f32 32333235 37313038<32 bytes per line>BBED> p *kdbr[10]rowdata[799]------------ub1 rowdata[799] @4679 0x2cBBED> x /1rnnnnnnnnrowdata[799] @4679 ------------flag@4679: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)lock@4680: 0x00cols@4681: 17col 0[2] @4682: 10col 1[21] @4685: -0col 2[2] @4707: 1col 3[2] @4710: 3col 4[3] @4713: 272col 5[5] @4717: 5168854col 6[1] @4723: 0col 7[3] @4725: 866col 8[3] @4729: 350col 9[1] @4733: 0col 10[2] @4735: 1col 11[2] @4738: 2col 12[0] @4741: *NULL*col 13[0] @4742: *NULL*col 14[0] @4743: *NULL*col 15[0] @4744: *NULL*col 16[2] @4745: 2BBED> sum apply;Check value for File 1, Block 225:current = 0x93df, required = 0x93dfBBED> verifyDBVERIFY - Verification startingFILE = /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbfBLOCK = 225DBVERIFY - Verification completeTotal Blocks Examined : 1Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1Total Blocks Failing (Data) : 0Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0Total Blocks Failing (Index): 0Total Blocks Empty : 0Total Blocks Marked Corrupt : 0Total Blocks Influx : 0Message 531 not found; product=RDBMS; facility=BBED刷新缓存，又一次查看视图：
SYS@orcl11g>alter system flush buffer_cache;System altered.SYS@orcl11g>select segment_name,tablespace_name,status from dba_rollback_segs;SEGMENT_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS------------------------------ -------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------SYSTEM SYSTEM ONLINE_SYSSMU10_3550978943$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU9_1424341975$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU8_2012382730$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU7_3286610060$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU6_2443381498$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU5_1527469038$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU4_1152005954$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU3_2097677531$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU2_2232571081$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU1_3780397527$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE_SYSSMU20_3705739785$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU19_3920348761$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU18_2539622763$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU17_178842559$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU16_3035903491$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU15_444141832$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU14_3021863913$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU13_3717211136$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU12_3182721254$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU11_3909920883$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINESYS@orcl11g>select name,status$ from undo$;NAME STATUS$------------------------------------------------------------ ----------SYSTEM 3_SYSSMU1_3780397527$ 2_SYSSMU2_2232571081$ 2_SYSSMU3_2097677531$ 2_SYSSMU4_1152005954$ 2_SYSSMU5_1527469038$ 2_SYSSMU6_2443381498$ 2_SYSSMU7_3286610060$ 2_SYSSMU8_2012382730$ 2_SYSSMU9_1424341975$ 2_SYSSMU10_3550978943$ 1_SYSSMU11_3909920883$ 3_SYSSMU12_3182721254$ 3_SYSSMU13_3717211136$ 3_SYSSMU14_3021863913$ 3_SYSSMU15_444141832$ 3_SYSSMU16_3035903491$ 3_SYSSMU17_178842559$ 3_SYSSMU18_2539622763$ 3_SYSSMU19_3920348761$ 3_SYSSMU20_3705739785$ 3SYS@orcl11g>select name,status$ from undo$;NAME STATUS$------------------------------------------------------------ ----------SYSTEM 3_SYSSMU1_3780397527$ 1_SYSSMU2_2232571081$ 1_SYSSMU3_2097677531$ 1_SYSSMU4_1152005954$ 1_SYSSMU5_1527469038$ 1_SYSSMU6_2443381498$ 1_SYSSMU7_3286610060$ 1_SYSSMU8_2012382730$ 1_SYSSMU9_1424341975$ 1_SYSSMU10_3550978943$ 1_SYSSMU11_3909920883$ 3_SYSSMU12_3182721254$ 3_SYSSMU13_3717211136$ 3_SYSSMU14_3021863913$ 3_SYSSMU15_444141832$ 3_SYSSMU16_3035903491$ 3_SYSSMU17_178842559$ 3_SYSSMU18_2539622763$ 3_SYSSMU19_3920348761$ 3_SYSSMU20_3705739785$ 321 rows selected.又一次启动数据库。发现offline的回滚段不存在：
SYS@orcl11g>col segment_name for a30;SYS@orcl11g>col tablespace_name for a30;SYS@orcl11g>select segment_name,tablespace_name,status from dba_rollback_segs;SEGMENT_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------SYSTEM SYSTEM ONLINE_SYSSMU20_3705739785$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU19_3920348761$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU18_2539622763$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU17_178842559$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU16_3035903491$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU15_444141832$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU14_3021863913$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU13_3717211136$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU12_3182721254$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE_SYSSMU11_3909920883$ UNDOTBS02 ONLINE这时候我们来查看该表：SYS@orcl11g>conn zbdba/oracle;Connected.ZBDBA@orcl11g>select * from zbdba;NAME------------------------------------------------------------zbbda